Memoization

Memoization is an optimization technique that caches the results of expensive function calls, so if the same inputs are encountered again, the function returns the cached result instead of recalculating. This helps improve performance, especially in scenarios where computations are repeated frequently with identical inputs.

Memoization in React


React offers built-in tools for memoization to prevent unnecessary re-renders and optimize component performance.


React.memo

Wraps a functional component to memoize its output. If the props haven't changed, React skips re-rendering.

const MyComponent = React.memo(function MyComponent({ value }) {
  return <div>{value}</div>;
});


useMemo

Memoizes the result of a computation between renders.

const expensiveValue = useMemo(() => computeExpensiveValue(input), [input]);


useCallback

Memoizes a function, preventing it from being re-created unless its dependencies change.

const handleClick = useCallback(() => {
  doSomething();
}, []);


When to Use Memoization

  • Expensive computations (e.g. data processing, filtering large lists)

  • Components that re-render frequently with the same props

  • Avoiding unnecessary updates in deeply nested component trees


Why Memoization Matters

Memoization helps React apps stay fast and efficient, especially at scale. It ensures that your UI updates only when truly necessary, improving responsiveness and reducing computational overhead.

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